This photo above has been taken with the lower aperture, this is the reason why the photo seems dark. The features of the subject are unclear it does nt help that the subject is wearing dark clothing.
This photo has been taken under the medium aperture. You can clearly see the subject features the subject seems very clear.
In this photo the subject is over exposed because the aperture setting was quite high therefore the subject seems very bright.
In this photo the subject is under exposed because the subjects features are unclear and it seems the photo has been done in dark conditions or at night.
Here the subject seems normal because everything seems clear.
Here the subject seems over exposed because the jacket shines brightly and the texture of the skin seems very bright.
This picture is under exposed because the subject is wearing radk clothing and it does not show on the histogram because there is no colour where the black is.
The subject is properly exposed because all the features are sharp.